

This Huaorani man carries a Common wooly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha) on one shoulder and a modern shotgun (note the checkered stock) on the other. The introduction of modern weapons, some as gifts by petroleum workers, has led some Huaorani men to leave their traditional blowguns behind.
The large Amazon primates such as the Wooly and Spider monkeys have a breeding ecology in which a single reproductive female is accompanied by many males. Unlike the precision of a single shot blowgun, a shotgun may kill other members of the family, exceeding the reproductive or replacement rate of the family. If the breeding female is killed, a generation of monkeys is lost.